Pliers and wrench



April 1, 1924. 1,488,759

. r i M. pom-us PLI ERS AND WRENCH Filed *oct. '27. 1252' INVEJYTGR mrimATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 1, 1224.

EDWARD IVE. LOFTUS, OF ST. PAUL, I'JZIHNESOTA.

PLIEB'S AND WRENCH.

application files. Gctcber 27, 1922.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, EDWARD M. Learns, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pliers andWrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to combination tools of the class known as pliersand wrench and the object is to further improve upon the device coveredby my United States Patent No. 1,418,312 issued June 6, 1922.

in said former patent a ratchet-faced dog is employed to resist openingof the plier jaws at predetermined points when they are used as a wrenchfor turning different sized nuts; but after further experimenting ithave discovered that no matter how tine the ratchet teeth are they willnot hold the jaws at the desired exactness of opening to secure a firmgrip on all sizes of nuts, bolt heads and other objects, and that suchaccuracy may be secured by omitting the teeth and giving the cam edge aV-shaped form and letting that edge engage frictionally in a V-shapednotch in the part engaged.

This new construction is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, inwhich Fig. 1 is a side view of a pair of pliers and wrench showing mypresent improvements.

Fig. 2 is a top view or" Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail view of the dog in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is a modification of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is Fig. 4. further modified.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged portion of Fig. 2 with a modification.

Fig. 7 is a view like Fig. 6 but with a different modification. &

Referring to the drawing by reference numerals, 8 and 9 designate thetwo levers or members of the pliers crossed and pivoted together by abolt 10 and said levers having, respectively, the jaws 8 and 9 The jaw 8is provided at one side with an embossment 11 tapered upwardly andrearwardly (see Fig. 1) and terminating in a transverse face 12. In saidface I provide a vertically disposed groove 13 adapted to be engaged bya correspondingly V-shaped segmental edge 14 of a cam 14 which ispivoted as at 15 to the lever 9 in about the relative position shown inFig. 1.

Serial Ho. 597,279.

in Figs. 1, 2, 6 and 7 the head 10 or the pivot bolt 10 is showncountersunk in member 9 so that the cam 1 may swing over it.

When using my pliers as a wrench, for example as in turning a nut 1'7(Fig. 1), the cam 14 is first swung back to idle position 1 and the jaws8"9 are brought into contact with'the nut, the cam is then swung intofrictional contact with groove 13 in the embossinent 11 and prevents thejaws from spreading and locks the jaws in set position on the nut.

in Fig. 2 the V-shaoed cam edge is shown as having its outer edge facedas at 14c thus permitting only the oppositely inclined faces to contactwith the sides of the groove 13 in'the embossment. The cam illustratedin 5 has a straight V-shaped edge and in Fig. 4. an ogee edge is shown,such variations being of possible advantage in various types of pliers.In Fig. 6 the segmental cam edge 14 is a full ll-shape and the groove 13of the embossment' has a registering inner groove 18 into which thesharp edge of the cam extends without binding said cam. In

7 the embossment 11 has merely atransverse shoulder 12 adapted to beengaged by a correspondingly faced edge 12 on the cam 14..

19 is a spring washer holding the cam frjptionally so it can not engageaccidenta y.

In Fig. 2 is shown that the V-shaped edge of the cam by being blunt willnot reach the bottom of the groove 13, while in Fig. 6 this same purposeis attained by the clearance 18. even if the cam edge is sharp.

What I claim is:

1. A pair of pliers comprising two cross ing jaw levers with a pivotthrough the crossing, one of said jaws having at one side a lug with arearward face, a pivoted cam mounted on the other lever and formed witha slightly inclined face adapted to engage with its different points theface of the projecting lug and thus hold the jaws more or ess separatedwhen they are used as a wrench; said lug having a V-shaped groove forthe edge of the cam, and said cam having a V-shaped edge engagingfrictionally in the groove. I

2. The structure specified in claim 1, in

, which said cam and groove are so shaped Q, eeeyee that the cam cannever reach the bottom of which the contacting edge portion of the thegroove. cam is segmental edgeweys outward between 3. The structurespecified in shim 1, in the ends 01- seid edge; the edge being also 1which the contacting edge portion of the of 111 ogee Curv re- 5 cam isegmental utward gdggways inte u In testimony VAN-311801? I afiixsignature.

mediate its ends.

4:. The structure specified in claim 1, in EDNABD M. LOFTUS.

